Thaum xa khoom mus rau European lag luam, lawv yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai nruj thiab cov qauv kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua raws. Rau cov khoom xws li hluav taws xob daim kab xev, cov kev cai hauv qab no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb:
1. Daim ntawv pov thawj CE
Txhais: Lub cim CE (Conformite Europeene, European unity) yog qhov dhau los nkag rau hauv European Union kev ua lag luam, qhia tias cov khoom ua tau raws li cov kev cai lij choj ntawm European Union.
Scope ntawm daim ntawv thov: Yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom muag hauv EU lag luam yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj CE, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, khoom siv tshuab thiab cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej.
Yuav ua li cas kom tau txais nws: Kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm cov lus qhia cuam tshuam, uas yuav suav nrog cov txheej txheem xws li kev tshaj tawm tus kheej, ntawv pov thawj los ntawm cov koom haum kuaj thib peb, thiab lwm yam.
2. RoHS Cov Lus Qhia (Txheej Txheem Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob)
Lub Hom Phiaj: Txhawm rau txwv tsis pub siv qee yam khoom siv phom sij hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, xws li txhuas, mercury, cadmium, thiab lwm yam.
Cov khoom siv tau: Txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, suav nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas yuav muaj nyob rau hauv daim kab xev rwb thaiv tsev.
Cov kev cai ua raws cai: Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom tsis muaj lossis tsuas yog qib qis heev ntawm cov khoom txwv thiab muab cov lus tshaj tawm txog kev ua raws.
3. Txoj Cai REACH (Kev Sau Npe, Kev Ntsuam Xyuas, Kev Tso Cai thiab Kev Txwv Cov Tshuaj)
Lub Hom Phiaj: Txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau kev tswj hwm tshuaj los tiv thaiv tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig thaum txhawb nqa cov tshuaj dawb ntws.
Dab tsi yog them: REACH xav kom cov neeg tsim tshuaj thiab cov neeg tuaj yeem sau npe cov tshuaj uas lawv tsim thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb txog cov tshuaj no.
Kev cuam tshuam rau kev lag luam: Yog tias daim kab xev rwb thaiv tsev muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg uas yuav tsum tau sau npe, cov lag luam yuav tsum ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem sau npe thiab xyuas kom ua raws li cov cai ntawm REACH.
4. Ntim thiab daim ntawv lo yuav tsum
Cov ntaub ntawv sau npe: Cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum muaj kev qhia meej meej, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau cov npe khoom, cov ntaub ntawv tsim khoom, ceeb toom, cov lus qhia siv, thiab lwm yam.
Cov lus yuav tsum muaj: Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm daim ntawv lo yuav tsum yog hom lus ntawm lub hom phiaj ua lag luam kom ntseeg tau tias cov neeg siv khoom nkag siab tau.
Environmental labeling: Qee lub teb chaws thiab cheeb tsam yuav xav tau cov khoom ntim khoom los nqa rov ua dua lossis ib puag ncig daim ntawv lo uas qhia cov neeg siv khoom pov tseg pov tseg.
5. Ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg yuav tsum tau
Sustainability: Kev lag luam nyob sab Europe muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau cov khoom lag luam ib puag ncig, txhawb kev siv cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv mus thiab cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab.
Cov pa roj carbon hneev taw: Cov pa roj carbon emissions thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov khoom kuj tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom.
6. Ua raws li se
Tus Nqi Ntxiv Tus Nqi (VAT): Cov khoom muag hauv EU raug VAT, thiab cov lag luam yuav tsum tau sau npe rau lawv tus lej VAT hauv zos thiab ua ntaub ntawv thiab them se raws sijhawm.
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR): Hauv qee lub tebchaws, xws li lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Fabkis, rau qee yam ntawm cov khoom (xws li cov khoom ntim, hluav taws xob pov tseg, thiab lwm yam), cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev rov ua dua thiab pov tseg.
7. Eu lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua raws cai
Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm Tus Neeg Ua Haujlwm: Rau cov khoom lag luam uas muaj lub cim CE, yuav tsum muaj ib tus neeg lossis cov chaw nyob hauv European Union ua tus neeg tiv tauj rau kev ua raws li cov khoom lag luam.
Daim kab xev rwb thaiv tsev xa tawm mus rau European lag luam yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv kev cai nruj, suav nrog tab sis tsis txwv rau daim ntawv pov thawj CE, RoHS cov lus qhia, REACH cov cai thiab lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau kev ntim khoom thiab cov ntawv sau npe, kev ua phooj ywg ib puag ncig, thiab kev ua raws li se. Xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom ua tau raws li cov qauv no tsis yog tsuas yog yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov neeg siv khoom. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo mloog rau cov kev cai lij choj tshiab tshaj plaws hauv EU thiab koom tes nrog cov kws tshaj lij cov kws tshaj lij los xyuas kom meej cov khoom nkag mus rau hauv European lag luam.
